Мониторинг папки и запуск команды, если там есть файл?
Я хотел бы иметь свой монитор Ubuntu Folder A, Если есть .sh файл, я хотел бы переместить этот файл в Folder B и запустить его в фоновом режиме. Это возможно? Что я должен использовать, чтобы это произошло?
1 ответ
Решение
У вас есть несколько вариантов:
1. Использование inotifywait
#!/bin/bash
# set path to watch
DIR="/path/to/sourcedir"
# set path to copy the script to
target_dir="/path/to/targetdir"
inotifywait -m -r -e moved_to -e create "$DIR" --format "%f" | while read f
do
echo $f
# check if the file is a .sh file
if [[ $f = *.sh ]]; then
# if so, copy the file to the target dir
mv "$DIR/$f" "$target_dir"
# and rum it
/bin/bash "$target_dir/$f" &
fi
done
Объяснение inotifywait
Установить параметры
Для продолжения входа необходимо установить опцию -m:
от man inotifywait:
-m, --monitor
Instead of exiting after receiving a single event, execute indefinitely. The default behaviour is to exit after the first event occurs.
Для рекурсивного входа необходимо установить опцию -r:
-r, --recursive
Watch all subdirectories of any directories passed as arguments. Watches will be set up recursively to an unlimited depth. Symbolic links are not traversed. Newly created subdirectories will also be watched.
Если вам не нужен рекурсивный мониторинг, уберите эту опцию.
События
Кроме того, вам нужно указать событие (ы) для запуска:
EVENTS
The following events are valid for use with the -e option:
access A watched file or a file within a watched directory was read
from.
modify A watched file or a file within a watched directory was written
to.
attrib The metadata of a watched file or a file within a watched direc‐
tory was modified. This includes timestamps, file permissions,
extended attributes etc.
close_write
A watched file or a file within a watched directory was closed,
after being opened in writeable mode. This does not necessarily
imply the file was written to.
close_nowrite
A watched file or a file within a watched directory was closed,
after being opened in read-only mode.
close A watched file or a file within a watched directory was closed,
regardless of how it was opened. Note that this is actually
implemented simply by listening for both close_write and
close_nowrite, hence all close events received will be output as
one of these, not CLOSE.
open A watched file or a file within a watched directory was opened.
moved_to
A file or directory was moved into a watched directory. This
event occurs even if the file is simply moved from and to the
same directory.
moved_from
A file or directory was moved from a watched directory. This
event occurs even if the file is simply moved from and to the
same directory.
move A file or directory was moved from or to a watched directory.
Note that this is actually implemented simply by listening for
both moved_to and moved_from, hence all close events received
will be output as one or both of these, not MOVE.
move_self
A watched file or directory was moved. After this event, the
file or directory is no longer being watched.
create A file or directory was created within a watched directory.
delete A file or directory within a watched directory was deleted.
delete_self
A watched file or directory was deleted. After this event the
file or directory is no longer being watched. Note that this
event can occur even if it is not explicitly being listened for.
unmount
The filesystem on which a watched file or directory resides was
unmounted. After this event the file or directory is no longer
being watched. Note that this event can occur even if it is not
explicitly being listened to.
Вы должны предвосхитить каждое из ваших событий, чтобы быть запущенными, с -e:
-e moved_to -e create
Конечно, вы можете установить любой триггер события из списка.
С возможностью --format "%f", мы заставляем команду выводитьимя файла, которое мы будем использовать для копирования и запуска файла, в сочетании с заданными путями.
Как пользоваться
Установите inotify-tools
sudo apt-get install intotify-toolsСкопируйте скрипт в пустой файл, сохраните его как
watch_dir.sh- В заголовке сценария установите каталог для просмотра и копирования сценариев в
- Запустите его, и он начнет смотреть ваш каталог.
2. Использование Python
Однако, не устанавливая ничего лишнего, мы можем сделать то же самое с небольшим скриптом на python:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os
import time
import shutil
source = "/path/to/sourcedir"
target = "/path/to/targetedir"
files1 = os.listdir(source)
while True:
time.sleep(2)
files2 = os.listdir(source)
# see if there are new files added
new = [f for f in files2 if all([not f in files1, f.endswith(".sh")])]
# if so:
for f in new:
# combine paths and file
trg = os.path.join(target, f)
# copy the file to target
shutil.move(os.path.join(source, f), trg)
# and run it
subprocess.Popen(["/bin/bash", trg])
print(trg)
files1 = files2
Как пользоваться
- Скопируйте скрипт в пустой файл, сохраните его как
watch_dir.py - В заголовке сценария установите каталог для просмотра и копирования сценариев в (
source, target) - Запустите его, и он начнет смотреть ваш каталог.
Заметка
Оба варианта выше предполагают, что сценарии не нуждаются ни в каких аргументах, но это очевидно в случае такой установки.
Вот еще один вариант с рекурсивным обходом дерева...
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os
import time
import shutil
import threading
source = "/home/pi/Pictures/2020/"
def tree_walk(path):
if os.path.isfile(path):
if path.endswith("jpg"):
subprocess.Popen(["/home/pi/git/rpi_scripts/telegram/tg_send_pic.sh", path])
subprocess.Popen(["rm", path])
elif path.endswith("mp4"):
subprocess.Popen(["/home/pi/git/rpi_scripts/telegram/tg_send_video.sh", path])
subprocess.Popen(["rm", path])
else:
print("other files...", path)
elif os.path.isdir(path):
items = os.listdir(path)
for i in items:
trg = os.path.join(path, i)
tree_walk(trg)
else:
print(path, "spec file: socket, FIFO, device file etc.")
tree_walk(source)
#try:
#thread = threading.Timer(3, tree_walk(source))
#thread.start()
#except KeyboardInterrupt:
# print("end")